crystal-diffraction spectrometer

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• Diffraction standard — In crystallography, a diffraction standard, or calibration crystal, is a crystal used to calibrate an X ray spectrometer to an absolute X ray energy scale. Quartz or silicon crystals are typically used. There are also reports of crystals of… …   Wikipedia

• Neutron diffraction — Science with Neutrons Foundations Neutron temperature Flux · Radiation  …   Wikipedia

• Acousto Optical Spectrometer — The principle of an AOS is based on the diffraction of light at ultrasonic waves. A piecoelectric transducer, driven by the RF signal (from the receiver), generates an acoustic wave in a crystal (the so called Bragg cell). This acoustic wave… …   Wikipedia

• x-ray spectrometer — noun Usage: usually capitalized X : a spectrometer for measuring the angles of diffraction of X rays produced by reflection from a crystal or for measuring X ray spectra * * * X ray spectrometer, a spectrometer using X rays by which the chemical… …   Useful english dictionary

• X-ray fluorescence emission spectrometer —    An x ray crystal spectrometer used to measure wavelengths of xray fluorescence; in order to concentrate beams of low intensity, it has bent reflecting or transmitting crystals arranged so that the theoretical curvature required can be varied… …   Forensic science glossary

• X-ray crystallography — can locate every atom in a zeolite, an aluminosilicate with many important applications, such as water purification. X ray crystallography is a method of determining the arrangement of atoms within a crystal, in which a beam of X rays strikes a… …   Wikipedia

• spectroscopy — spectroscopist /spek tros keuh pist/, n. /spek tros keuh pee, spek treuh skoh pee/, n. the science that deals with the use of the spectroscope and with spectrum analysis. [1865 70; SPECTRO + SCOPY] * * * Branch of analysis devoted to identifying… …   Universalium

• geology — /jee ol euh jee/, n., pl. geologies. 1. the science that deals with the dynamics and physical history of the earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the physical, chemical, and biological changes that the earth has undergone or is… …   Universalium

• X-ray fluorescence — (XRF) is the emission of characteristic secondary (or fluorescent) X rays from a material that has been excited by bombarding with high energy X rays or gamma rays. The phenomenon is widely used for elemental analysis and chemical analysis,… …   Wikipedia

• Earth Sciences — ▪ 2009 Introduction Geology and Geochemistry       The theme of the 33rd International Geological Congress, which was held in Norway in August 2008, was “Earth System Science: Foundation for Sustainable Development.” It was attended by nearly… …   Universalium

• Physical Sciences — ▪ 2009 Introduction Scientists discovered a new family of superconducting materials and obtained unique images of individual hydrogen atoms and of a multiple exoplanet system. Europe completed the Large Hadron Collider, and China and India took… …   Universalium